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Civil War Blog

A project of PA Historian

Junior Ku Klux Klan Inaugurated at Lykens with Cross Burning, 1924

Posted By on March 23, 2018

In mid-October 1924, Lykens residents were alerted by three blasts of the colliery horn to the igniting of a cross on the culm banks north of the town.  This, along with the flaming “J” alongside the cross indicated that a junior Ku Klux Klan had been formed at Lykens.

This post is a continuation of the reporting on hate groups that were active in the Lykens Valley area in the years following the Civil War.  It was a widely known fact that the third iteration of the Ku Klux Klan had a significant presence in the Lykens Valley and adjacent valleys during the early years of the 20th Century.  This third iteration of the Klan was strongly white supremacist and was opposed to equal rights for African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants.

From the Lykens Standard, 18 October 1924:

JUNIOR K. K. K. ORGANIZATION INSTITUTED

According to the symbol aside of the flaming cross of the refuse banks north of Lykens, the latter part of last week, a junior organization of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan was organized here.  Following three blasts there was a flare and a burning cross came into view beside which was a flaming “J” signifying the institution of the junior organization.

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News clipping from Newspapers.com.

Who Was George T. Willis, Drummer Boy, Buried at Lykens?

Posted By on March 21, 2018

From a listing that appeared in the Lykens Standard, 17 May 1917, compiled by Claude Keiser, a member of the Sons of Veterans, the name of George Willis appears as a burial in the Union Cemetery, Lykens, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.  Keiser, in supplying the information, which included all the Lykens cemeteries. indicated that his list was of “soldiers of the Civil and other wars buried in the cemeteries of this section.”

The name of George T. Willis also appears in a semi-official listing of burials at the Union Cemetery, which was compiled and published as part of cemeteries of the region.  On page 3 of that listing is the following:

WILLIS, Geo. T. – (Drummer Boy) erected by the W. R. C. #101 [Womens’ Relief Corps] of Lykens (Flag)

To date, no grave marker has been seen and there is no confirming information on Findagrave about a George Willis supposedly buried at Union Cemetery, Lykens.

In the records of Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church, a George C. Willis is recorded as a burial in 1872, with date of death as 20 May 1872 and age of about 21 years.  This would indicate a birth year of about 1851, typical of Civil War drummer boys in that he would have been between the ages of 10 and 14 at wartime.  But is this the same person?

No possible match was located in the 1860 Federal Census.  Also, no possible match was located in the 1870 Census.

However, in searching the Harrisburg newspapers for a George C. Willis around the period of 1872, the following notice of death was found in a re-publication of accounts of the Lykens Register, by the Harrisburg Telegraph, 27 May 1872:

Sudden Death — George C. Willis Jr., alias Crystie, a young man for about a month in the employ of Henry Fisher, barber, of this place, died suddenly on Sunday night last.  He had been ill for a week, but was in the shop on Saturday, apparently nearly recovered, although unable to work.  He was attacked with hemorrhage of the lungs about 9 o’clock Sunday evening, and expired about midnight.  He was buried on Tuesday, Rev. Kloss, of the Lutheran Church, officiating.

Deceased was without kindred or friends in this place, and all that is known of him, therefore, is derived from papers in his possession when he died, from which we gather the following:  He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and at the breaking out of the war lived with his parents in Tennessee, and although quite young (being but twenty-two when he died), the adhesion of his father to the cause of the South created an estrangement between father and son which was never reconciled, and led the boy to a roving life.  He served three years as a drummer in the 2nd United States Infantry, receiving his discharge in February 1869, and subsequently served fourteen months in the military academy drum corps at West Point, from which he was discharged 8 August 1871.

Upon leaving his parents, it is supposed, he adopted the name of Crystie, which is the name given in both his discharges.  That his real name was Willie is evident from a letter written to him by his mother after he had left home on the inside cover of a religious work, from which we derive the information concerning his paternal relations.  He was a quiet, gentlemanly young man, and bore evidences of good character and respectable birth.  He came here from Lewistown, Mifflin County.  His effects are in the possession of Mr. Henry Fisher, his late employer, who will cheerfully respond to any communication from his friends.

If the above information is correct, then George Willis did not have Civil War service, but served in what was known as the Indian Wars.

Much more research needs to be done on the story of this young man who happened into Lykens in 1872 and died there and is buried there.  When was he honored by the Womens’ Relief Corps of Lykens and are there any news articles describing the honor?

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News clippings from Newspapers.com.

 

 

 

First Public Ku Klux Klan Day Demonstration in Williamstown, 1926

Posted By on March 19, 2018

Williamstown, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, held its first Ku Klux Klan Day in 1926.  A comprehensive, descriptive report was published on what transpired.

This post is a continuation of the reporting on hate groups that were active in the Lykens Valley area in the years following the Civil War.  It was a widely known fact that the third iteration of the Ku Klux Klan had a significant presence in the Lykens Valley and adjacent valleys during the early years of the 20th Century.  This third iteration of the Klan was strongly white supremacist and was opposed to equal rights for African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants.

From the Lykens Standard, 29 October 1926:

Williamstown Scene of First Pubic Demonstration by K K. K.

Several Hundred Brave Inclement Weather to Participate

Dr. Hartranft, Speaker of the Day

Williamstown, Pennsylvania, celebrated its first public Ku Klux Klan Day last Saturday when members of the organization from all parts of the state gathered to take part in the town’s first public demonstration.

Festivities began at noon and lasted until near midnight.  A feature of the day’s celebration was the parade in early evening in which a half thousand participated with an equal number standing on the sides, who arrived too late from nearby towns to participate.

With visors lowered, the men, women, and juniors of the organization passed thru the streets of Williamstown with steady pace; there was not a word from the rank and file nor from the sidewalks where thousands viewed the procession; solemnity reigned and the march of the hooded organization has gone down in history in Williamstown as one of the most orderly ever conducted there.

After parading the streets of the boro the organization went to the athletic field on the Zimmerman farm in West Williamstown where an interesting program was presented.  The main speaker of the evening was the Rev. Dr. Harry Hartranft of the Klan Haven Home at Harrisburg.  In an excellent address he implored the Klansmen and Klanswomen to “keep the faith” as they have in the past since the organization was founded and to abide by the principles of the Order.  His address was received with much enthusiasm.

Picturesque was the scene about the speakers’ stand because of the numerous camp fires blazing which helped make the listeners comfortable for it was a miserable evening, rain falling intermittently and a raw wind blowing from all sides, but these, however, did not dampen the spirits of the Klan; their program was carried out in its entirety and a fitting climax to the day after naturalization was a monstrous display of fireworks, one of the prettiest witnessed in the valley in a long time.

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News clipping from Newspapers.com.

Peter Witmer Died in Nebraska in 1930 – Drank Lye & Survived in 1922

Posted By on March 16, 2018

Previously on this blog, Peter Witmer was introduced as an addition to the Civil War Research Project.  At the time, the following was known about him:

Peter Witmer (1841-1892) enrolled in the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company B, as a Private, at New Market, Kentucky, but gave his residence as Dauphin County.  He was taken prisoner on 8 April 1865, but was present for muster out on 18 July 1865.  Peter had prior service in the 87th Indiana Infantry, Company E and Company D, as a Private, but was reported as deserted on 3 October 1862.  He was possibly married twice – to Angeline Overmayer and to a woman named Susan.  After the war he moved to Indiana and Kansas, the latter state from which he applied for a pension.

It can now be told that his date of death was incorrectly reported!  Peter lived a long life, and died in Omaha, Nebraska, on 27 January 1930.  This fact is shown on the Pension Index Card, shown above from Fold3, and also on an application for a government-issue grave marker made, shown below from Ancestry.com.

In addition, searching the newspaper of Oklahoma, his obituary and one other interesting story was found. Both are reproduced below.

From the Lincoln Star Journal, 28 June 1922:

VETERAN DRINKS LYE WATER

Old Man In Critical Condition After Mistaking Water for Herb Tea

OMAHA, 28 June 1922 – Peter Witmer, eighty, Civil War veteran, mistook a pan of lye for herb tea he had been taking for rheumatism and drank of it.

His condition was considered critical, but yesterday he had rallied and it is believed he will recover.

Mr. Witmer said he was with Sherman on his famous march to the sea, serving during the war with Company B of the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry.

And, from the Lincoln Star Journal, 28 January 1930:

PETER WITMER DIES

OMAHA – (UP) – Funeral services will be held Wednesday for Peter Witmer, eighty-seven, veteran of battles of Getttysburg, Peach Orchard, Shiloh and Sherman’s March to the Sea, who died Monday.  Witmer was a private in a Pennsylvania cavalry regiment and served throughout the entire war.

Peter Witmer was a native of Lower Mahanoy Township, Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. Whoever gave the information for his obituary did not know that the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry was not at Gettysburg, so, the information as to his war service is incorrect.

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News clippings from Newspapers.com.

 

Abel Wise – Surviving Son of Revolutionary War Soldier, 1891

Posted By on March 14, 2018

 

Abel Wise, who was born in Millersburg on 3 October 1821, the son of Adam Wise (1751-1833) and Catherine Neiman Patton Wise (1785-1863).  At the time of the Civil War, he served in the 192nd Pennsylvania Infantry, Company H, as a Sergeant, from 25 February 1865 through his honorable discharge on 24 August 1865.  He married Sarah Ann Weaver (1824-1898), and together they had at least seven known children.  During his lifetime, Abel Wise lived in Millersburg, where he was raised and educated; Jackson Township, Dauphin County, where he was a merchant; and later in Mifflin Township, Dauphin County, and Wiconisco Township, Lykens Borough, and Berrysburg, where he worked as a carpenter and cabinet maker.  He died in Berrysburg on 25 August 1897, and is buried there at the Old Methodist Cemetery.

A little known story about Abel Wise was conveyed to a Millersburg newspaper in 1891 – and republished in a Harrisburg newspaper at about the same time.  From the Harrisburg Telegraph, 7 November 1891, as reprinted from the Millersburg Sentinel.

Millersburg and the Revolution

Our friend, Abel Wise, of Lykens, wrote us some days ago that he and Joseph Ditty of this place, were the oldest persons born in Millersburg.  Mr. Ditty has made diligent inquiry in this matter and surrenders the honor, and says that George J. Campbell, Jacob L. Meck, Mrs. Annie Etzweiler, widow of John Etzweiler, Mrs. George W. Bowes, and Mrs. George Feezer were all born and reside in Millersburg and are all older than Mr. Wise or Mr. Ditty.  Mr. Wise also asserts that his father, Adam Wise, erected the third house in Millersburg, on the site now occupied by Levi Bowman‘s tin and stove store.  Mr. Ditty thinks he is right in this.  It was a 1 1/2 story building and well finished for that day and occupied as a dwelling by Mr. Wise. Mr. Wise served in the Revolutionary War, being drafted at Hagerstown, Maryland, in the latter part of 1776.  He was born in December 1751, and moved to Millersburg in 1802.  He was a Justice of the Peace for 34 years, being appointed by Governor Mifflin in 1779.  He was father of eleven children and only two are living, Abe Wise and F. N. Wise, living in Lykens.  What town or community can boast of two living sons of a Revolutionary soldier?

For his Civil War service, Abel Wise is recognized on the Lykens G.A.R. Monument:

His name appears in the category of Sergeants who joined the Heilner G.A.R. Post there after its organization.

However, since Abel Wise was a native son of Millersburg, he is another person who should be added to the long list of Civil War veterans with a relationship to that community who have been ignored by that community by not having their name placed on the plaque of the Millersburg Soldier Monument.

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News clipping from Newspapers.com.