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Civil War Blog

A project of PA Historian

The Tulpehocken Path

Posted By on July 28, 2012

Families of many Civil War veterans of the Lykens Valley area originally settled in Berks County, Pennsylvania, and later migrated north and west along established routes through the mountains.  Before and at the time of the Civil War, one of the most used paths was from Tulpehocken Township in Berks County, through Pine Grove Township in Schuylkill County, Lykens Township in Dauphin County, and through the gap in Mahantongo Mountain at Klingerstown.  The terminus of this path was Sunbury in Northumberland County.  Three historical markers, placed by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission indicate key points on this path.

THE TULPEHOCKEN PATH

An Indian path connecting the Iroquois provincial capital at Shamokin, now Sunbury, with the Tulpehocken Valley, ran northwest through here.  It was used by ambasadors to “Brother Onas,” i.e., William Penn, and his successors.

This historical marker is located in Bethel Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, on Lancaster Avenue (also known as State Route 501), across the road from the Bethel-Tulpehocken Public Library.  The general route of the path that was followed by travelers and settlers moving from Berks County across the mountain into the area of the triangle that is under study in this Civil War Research Project is the present-day Pennsylvania State Route 501.

 

Click on map to enlarge.

As can be seen on the 1860 map shown above, the red dotted line (representing the “Tulpehocken Path”) passes by an “Old Fort” and “Quick Silver Spring” before descending on the other side of the mountain “to Pine Grove.”  The two other historical markers that can be seen along the route are pictured below.

 

FORT HENRY

Built 1756; garrisoned during the French and Indian War by troops under Capt. Christian Busse. Pennsylvania major defense east of Fort Augusta (Sunbury).  The site is 3/4 mile to the northwest.

PILGER RUH

“Pilgrim’s Rest” was the name given to this spring on the Tulpehocken Path by Count Zindendorf, the Moravian missionary, on his journey to the Indian towns of Shamokin and Wyoming in 1742.  Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.

Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, is located at State Route 501, just south of “Triangle B” on the Civil War Research Project Map (shown above – click on map to enlarge).  The next part of the journey was to cross the angle of “Triangle B” toward Klingerstown, which is at the gap in the Mahantongo Mountain.  Once inside the triangle, the Lykens Valley opened to the west.  Many chose to remain in the Lykens Valley.  Some chose to continue the journey beyond the Mahantongo.

For a blog post by Earl G. Troutman on the Tulpehocken Path and the Mahantongo Valley, see:  The Mahantongo Valley.

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The map cut is from a map of Berks County, 1860, as available on the web site of the Pennsylvania Archives.  The original map was published by H. B. Bridgens.

Tower City, Porter and Rush Township Civil War Veterans – Part 8

Posted By on July 27, 2012

The Tower City Borough, Porter Township and Rush Township Veterans Memorial is located at St. Paul’s Lutheran Church Cemetery which is located along Route 209 in Tower City, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania.  It was the subject of a prior post on this blog on 30 December 2010.

Within the glass cases on the monument are name plates for each of the eligible veterans who served in America’s Wars.  The Civil War veterans are noted in the left case in the center section of the monument.  To give due recognition to each of the Civil War veterans named on the monument, the name plates will be individually pictured followed by a brief description of the Civil War service of the veteran.

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HENRY NEIDLINGER (1831-?), also known as Henry Nightlinger, served in the 173rd Pennsylvania Infantry, Company F, as a Private, from 30 October 1862 through 16 August 1863.  He was living in Porter Township in 1890.

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THOMAS NOLAN (1846-?), also known as Thomas Nolen and Thomas Nolin, died of ague before the 1890 Census, at which time his widow Harriet was living in Tower City.  At the time of his enlistment in the 55th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E, as a Private, he was a resident of Northampton Conty and was employed as a laborer.  His enrollment occurred at Minersville, Schuylkill County, and he was mustered into service on 17 February 1864.  He was discharged from the service on 13 August 1865.

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WILLIAM OWENS (1842-?) first served in the 48th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company I, as a Private.  He enrolled in this service at Middleport, Pennsylvania, where he resided and was working as a laborer, and was he mustered in at Camp Hamilton Virginia on 15 August 1861.  After the conclusion of this term of service he was discharged on 13 September 1864.  Six months later at Pottsville he joined the 16th Pennsylvania Cavalry where he served in Companies A and C as a Private, giving his occupation as engineer and his residence as St. Clair, Schuylkill County.  His Civil War service ended with his cavalry discharge on 11 September 1865.  William is also found as “William Owen” in the records.  In 1890 he noted that during his war service he received a “flesh wound in [the] thigh.”   William’s wife’s name was Barbara.

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ABRAHAM H. REED (1843-1917), more commonly known as “Abe Reed,” was shot in the right thigh during his time in the 208th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company A.  In this company he was a Sergeant.  The wound was received at Fort Stedman, Virginia, 25 March 1865.  Abe’s service in the 208th occurred from 23 August 1864 through 18 May 1865.  Earlier in the war he was drafted into the 177th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company I, as a Private and he served there under Capt. Evitts, from 2 November 1862 to 5 August 1863.  Abe Reed lived in Tower City in 1890.  After the Civil War he worked as a fireman in the mines and also was a stationary engineer.  His brothers Israel and Joseph also were soldiers in the Civil War.  Abraham Reed married a woman named Susan and when he died, he was buried in Greenwood Cemetery, Tower City.

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JOSEPH H. REED (1840-1921), the brother of Abraham (above), was drafted into the 177th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company I, as a Private and served under Capt. Evitts.  His other brother, Israel, also served in the war.  Joseph married Ann Marie Heberling.  He is buried in the Greenwood Cemetery, Tower City.

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HENRY WILLIAM REEDY (1829-1918), the twin brother of William Henry Reedy, was the son of Leonard Reedy, gunsmith of Gratz.  A brief biographic sketch of Henry was previously provided in the post entitled: Gratz During the Civil War – The Leonard Reedy House.

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WILLIAM HENRY REEDY (1829-1881) the twin brother of Henry William Reedy, was the son of Leonard Reedy, gunsmith of Gratz.  A brief biographic sketch of William was previously provided in the post entitled: Gratz During the Civil War – The Leonard Reedy House.

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JONAS P. REIGLE (1835-1889) was previously profiled in the post entitled:  Children of Daniel Riegle, Dauphin County Commissioner (Part 2 of 2).

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To be continued Tuesday….

Other posts in this series may be accessed by clicking here.

Tower City, Porter and Rush Township Civil War Veterans – Part 7

Posted By on July 26, 2012

The Tower City Borough, Porter Township and Rush Township Veterans Memorial is located at St. Paul’s Lutheran Church Cemetery which is located along Route 209 in Tower City, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania.  It was the subject of a prior post on this blog on 30 December 2010.

Within the glass cases on the monument are name plates for each of the eligible veterans who served in America’s Wars.  The Civil War veterans are noted in the left case in the center section of the monument.  To give due recognition to each of the Civil War veterans named on the monument, the name plates will be individually pictured followed by a brief description of the Civil War service of the veteran.

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JOHN LEBO (1844-1922), who was born in Lykens Township, Dauphin County, married Sarah Ann Row, of the Row family, early settlers of the Lykens Valley.  During the Civil War he served as a Private in Company H of the 210th Pennsylvania Infantry; his dates of service were from 16 September 1864 through 30 May 1865.  In 1890, he was living in Tower City, but he had mislaid his discharge.  There was another John Lebo (1839-1887) who was also a Civil War veteran, but was from the Halifax, Dauphin County area, thus care must be taken to insure that their records are not co-mingled.

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WILLIAM HENRY LONG (1847-1933), who married Mary A. Updegrove, served in Regular Army regiments during the Civil War.  After the war, he was a laborer and farmer in Porter Township, eventually becoming the township’s Supervisor of Roads and near the end of his life the truant officer for the township schools.  He and Mary Ann had a large family and there are some interesting stories about him and his background that have been contributed to the Gratz Historical Society files by descendants – as well as papers from his pension application file.

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HARRISON MANWILLER (1841-1916) was a shoemaker when he enrolled in the 10th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company D, as a Private, at Pine Grove, 23 April 1861.  After his discharge on 31 July 1861, he returned home for a while and then re-enlisted at Harrisburg on 10 July 1862 in the 107th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company G, as a Corporal, where he served until he re-enlisted again on 28 February 1864 at Mitchell Station, Virginia.  During this latter service, he was taken prisoner at the Weldon Railroad on 19 August 1864 and for six months was held at Salisbury Prison.  Eventually, he was “delivered” to Richmond, where he was released on 5 February 1865.  In 1890, he was living in Williams Township, Dauphin County, but when he died, he was buried in Porter Township.  Harrison, also known as “Harry,” was married to a woman named Catharine.  His surname is also found in the records as “Manville” and “Manmiller.”

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CHARLES MAURER (1837-1907) enrolled at Llewellyn, Schuylkill County, in the 6th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company G, as a Private, and was mustered in at Harrisburg on 22 April 1861.  He served until his discharge on 26 July 1861.  At the time of his joining the army, he was a laborer who was living at Donaldson, Schuylkill County.  Charles married a woman named Hannah and when he died was buried at St. Paul’s Lutheran Church Cemetery, Tower City.

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ISAAC MEASE (1835-1912), also buried at St. Paul’s Lutheran Church Cemetery, Tower City, served in the 4th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company F, as a Private, from 12 August 1861 through 1 January 1864, when he re-enlisted at Bristoe, Virginia, for another term (or duration of the war), which meant he was discharged on 1 July 1865.  Although his residence was Schuykill County in 1861, he enrolled at Lebanon County, and had to travel to Washington, D.C. to be mustered in.  In 1890, he was living in Tower City and complained of poor health and was “unable to do anything,” which he attributed to “heart disease contracted in the war.”

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JOHN D. MESSNER (1848-1932) claimed to have guarded Confederate President Jefferson Davis while he was held in prison after his capture.  During the Civil War he was a member of the 3rd Pennsylvania Artillery, Company D, in which he served as a Private.  John, a laborer who was born in Dauphin County, was married twice – to Sarah Patrick and to Lilly Heckert.  When he died, he was buried at Greenwood Cemetery, Tower City.

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EDWIN MOYER (1843-1864), was killed in action at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia on 10 May 1864 while serving in the 95th Pennsylvania Infantry, Company G.  His original regiment, the 96th Pennsylvania Infantry, had been consolidated with the 95th late in the war.  Edwin’s service began with his enlistment and muster on 23 September 1861 and included a re-enlistment at Brandy Station, Virginia, on 15 September 1864.  He was born in Schuylkill County and worked as a miner.  After his death, his mother, Elizabeth Moyer, applied for his pension, but never received one based on his service.  Edwin Moyer‘s death in the war is noted on the Tower City memorial with an “*” preceding his name.  He is also honored on the Lykens G.A.R. Monument.

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HAZLETT M. McELWAIN (1829-1890) was married to Julia Etta Hornberger.  He was a blacksmith from Ashland, Schuylkill County, who traveled to Philadelphia to enroll in the 5th Pennsylvania Cavalry, Company C, as a Private, on 3 September 1862.  He served until 5 February 1865.  In 1890, while living in Tower City, he complained of diarrhea that he attributed to his war service and as a result was “unable to do anything.”  Hazlett is buried in the Greenwood Cemetery, Tower City.  Variations of his name include:  Hazlett, Haylet, and McElwaine.

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To be continued tomorrow….

Other posts in this series may be accessed by clicking here.

Riegle Family Cousins in Ohio

Posted By on July 25, 2012

 

Harrison Riegle (1840-1899)

The subject of this post is the identification of the fourth cousins of Harrison Riegle (1840-1899) of Gratz who served in Ohio regiments during the Civil War.  Their common ancestor was Johannes Cornelius Riegel (1664-1750) who emigrated to America early in the eighteenth century.

Previously, Harrison Riegle was profiled in the post entitled Children of Daniel Riegle, Dauphin County Commissioner (Part 1), and (Part 2)

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Harrison Riegle (1840-1899), of Gratz, a Civil War veteran of the 103rd Pennsylvania Infantry, Company G,  was a direct descendant of Johann Daniel Riegel (1714-1786), son of Johannes Cornelius RiegelJohann Daniel Riegel‘s son was Andreas Riegel (1750-1815), a pioneer settler of the Lykens Valley who married Anna Catharina Hoffman, the daughter of Johann Peter Hoffman (1709-1797), also a pioneer settler of the Lykens Valley.

The following Civil War soldiers are descendants through George Wilhelm Riegel (1706-1778), son of Johannes Cornelius Riegel:

GEORGE W. RIEGLE (1833-1904) served in the 172nd Ohio Infantry, Company I, from 14 May 1864 through 3 September 1864.  His wife’s name was Parthena A. Sheward [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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CHARLES RIGGLE (1835-1924) served in the 194th Ohio Infantry, Company F.  He married Nancy Barrick who was a published poet.  Charles in buried in Bakersfield Cemetery, Coshocton, Ohio.  [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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JESSE RIGGLE (1839-1924) served in the 51st Ohio Infantry, Company C.  He is buried in Bakersfield Cemetery, Coshocton, Ohio.  [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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THOMAS “TOMA” RIGGEL (1841-1863) died at Frederick, Maryland, while serving in the 122nd Ohio Infantry, Company G, as a Private.  He is buried at Antietam National Cemetery, Frederick County, Maryland.  [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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MARGARET RIEGEL‘s husband, ALEXANDER FINTON served in the 122nd Ohio Infantry, Company G.  [Margaret’s fourth cousin was Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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The following Civil War soldiers are descendants through Johannes Riegel (1709-1795), the son of Johannes Cornelius Riegel (1674-1750):

EMANUEL RIEGEL (1830-1912) was a Corporal in Company D of the 58th Ohio Infantry.  He was married twice, first to Sarah Jane Miller and second to Julia Ann Bailey.  Emanuel served from 2 November 1861 through 28 September 1862, when he was discharged at Louisville, Kentucky, on account of “weak eyes.”  [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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JOHN W. RIEGEL (1836-1906) probably served in an Ohio regiment (as is stated in the Samuel Riegel history, page 2-90) but that regiment has not yet been identified  He was married to Jennie R. Boyd [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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WASHINGTON RIEGEL (1844-1863) died at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, while serving in the 7th Independent Ohio Valley SharpshootersHe is buried at Castor Cemtery, Arlington, Hancock County, Ohio.  [Note:  4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

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ELIZABETH RIEGEL‘s son HARVEY HENRY HALDERMAN (1842-1864) served in the 110th Ohio Infantry, Company B, as a Private and died at Alexandria, Virginia.  He is buried in the Alexandria National Cemetery.  [Note:  Harvey was the 4th Cousin to Harrison Riegle of Gratz].

It is not known if these Riegle cousins in Ohio were aware of the Pennsylvania cousins who were serving in Pennsylvania regiments and fighting for the same cause.  All those mentioned who served in Ohio regiments had roots in Berks County, Pennsylvania, and could trace their ancestry to the immigrant Johannes Cornelius Riegle, their 3rd great-grandfather as well as the 3rd great-grandfather of Harrison Riegle of Gratz.

The post Riegel Family Origins gives the background of the Riegel/Riegle family that arrived in America and originally settled in Berks County.

The Civil War Research Project is interested in finding out more about these Ohio cousins of Harrison Riegle and is especially interested in pictures and stories.

Stephen Smith – Merchant and Abolitionist

Posted By on July 24, 2012

Stephen Smith, an African American merchant and abolitionist, was born in slavery in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, around 1795, to Mary Smith.  The name of his father was never recorded and no evidence has yet been seen of the actual location of his birth, but it can be presumed that it was in or around Harrisburg.  Early in life, Stephen was able to purchase his freedom and establish businesses in Columbia, Pennsylvania, where he owned coal and lumber yards as well as land where these resources were obtained.  The real estate holdings were said to be mostly in Pennsylvania – north of Harrisburg as well as in Columbia on the Susquehanna River. It is not difficult to imagine that Smith was involved with the lumbering interests at Peter’s Mountain, Dauphin County and the Mahantongo in Northumberland County as well as the coal interests in the Lykens Valley.

In the years before the Civil War, the primary means of transporting coal and lumber from the source was the system of canals.  In Central Pennsylvania, the canal system associated with the Susquehanna River would have meant that Stephen Smith frequently traveled up and down the river to check on his holdings, to make purchases and schedule deliveries.  This was the same-traveled route made by African Americans who were escaping from slavery and heading north into Canada.  It was not until after the Civil War that Stephen Smith admitted that the lumber company he owned had helped transport many escapees to freedom, most likely on the canal network and later the railroad network that went up through the central part of the state and connected into Canada.  After the Fugitive Slave law was passed in 1850, Stephen Smith himself fled to Canada but soon returned and established himself in Philadelphia in the African American community along Lombard Street where he continued his business enterprises through the Civil War years.

The 1863 Philadelphia City Census gives the 70-year old Smith’s occupation as “merchant”.  The mark in the last column indicates that he was “colored.”

After the Civil War, Stephen Smith contributed $250,000 to establish the Stephen Smith Home for Aged and Infirm Colored Persons which at first had headquarters within center city Philadelphia but later moved to more spacious quarters at 4400 W. Girard Avenue.  It is at that site that today an historical marker honors Smith’s accomplishments with the following words:

An abolitionist, Smith bought his freedom and was one of America’s wealthiest Blacks with his coal, lumber, and real estate ventures.  He was the major benefactor of the Stephen Smith Home for the Aged , located here.

Stephen Smith died in Philadelphia on 28 November 1873.

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For additional information about Stephen Smith, see Explore Pennsylvania and Preservation Alliance.  For previous blog posts on the Underground Railroad in the Lykens Valley area, click here.  The portrait of Stephen Smith, probably made in Philadelphia near the end of his life was adapted from a digital image of a portrait in the Blockston Afro-American Collection at Temple University and posted on the Explore Pennsylvania website.  The 1863 Philadelphia Census is from Ancestry.com.